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International Textbook of Diabetes Mellitus, 4th Ed., Excerpt #41: Normal Beta-cell Function Part 6 of 6

Beta-Cell function and glucose homeostasis: Insulin secretion, together with the sensitivity to insulin of glucose-utilizing tissues, is a key player in glucose homeostasis. What is relevant for glucose homeostasis is not the absolute insulin secretion levels but insulin secretion relative to glucose, as typically assessed by the beta-cell dose-response during the physiologic condition of oral glucose ingestion. Thus, beta-cell glucose sensitivity is strongly inversely associated to mean glucose levels during a standard OGTT and explains, together with insulin sensitivity, a substantial proportion of the variability in glucose levels.

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