Clinical Gems

Konstantinos Makrilakis, Nikolaos Katsilambros During an acute illness, blood sugar levels usually rise. Illness causes a greater than normal demand for insulin due to the release of stress hormones such as adrenaline (epinephrine), cortisone, and growth hormone. These hormones can be triggered by any kind of stressful condition such as …

Richard S. Beaser, MD, Edward S. Horton, MD and Catherine A. Mullooly, MS, RCEP, CDE The week’s excerpt answers the following questions: What the four necessary factors are in a fitness program The formula to use to estimate individuals maximum heart rate How to use the Karvonen formula Which is …

Nikolaos Tentolouris, Nikolaos Katsilambros         Case study 5.1 A 76-year-old female patient was admitted to the orthopedic unit for right hip replacement.

      There are three components of a physical fitness program: cardiopulmonary endurance, flexibility and strength training.

Nikolaos Tentolouris, Nikolaos Katsilambros           Symptoms and signs of hypoglycemia in Type 2 diabetes    The symptoms of hypoglycemia do not differ between people with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes.

Richard S. Beaser, MD, Edward S. Horton, MD and Catherine A. Mullooly, MS, RCEP, CDE The weeks excerpt answers the following questions: Explains how to lower risk of diabetes by 58% How many daily minutes of exercise is recommended Importance of free fatty acids What are the two major sources …

Stavros Liatis, Nikolaos Katsilambros           Sulfonylureas and non-sulfonylurea insulin secretagogues (meglitinides) exert their antidiabetic effects by binding to the sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) on the beta-cell, which regulates the activity of an ATP-dependent potassium channel.1

A Possible Key in Understanding the Metabolic Mysteries, Part 2 Osama Hamdy, MD, PhD, FACE The weeks excerpt answers the following questions: What is the liptoxicity theory? How best to measure visceral fat? Is all fat the same?  What is "metabolic obesity"? What are the 3 kinds of fat? Does …

Stavros Liatis, Nikolaos Katsilambros           Case 4.1 A 65-year-old man with history of Type 2 diabetes presented to the emergency department at 10.30 pm.

A Possible Key in Understanding the Metabolic Mysteries Osama Hamdy, MD, PhD, FACE (Note to our readers: we inadvertently skipped a number in this series of text excerpts so there was no "Excerpt #21." Our apologies for any confusion, and thanks to the sharp-eyed reader who pointed this out!) The …