Research suggests testosterone and AMH levels could be used to predict risk for PCOS in premenarchal daughters of women with PCOS.

Treatment throughout pregnancy may reduce rate of miscarriage or preterm delivery.

CANVAS Program shows reduced heart events but increased risk of side effects.

Single episode of moderate/severe DKA in young children at diagnosis associated with lower cognitive scores, altered brain growth.

Other genetic markers—the “missing heritability": Collectively the confirmed T1DM risk loci account for approximately 70% of disease heritability, with around 40–50% being attributed to the HLA genes. These figures are well in excess of the 10–20% of heritability of other complex diseases that can be explained by genetic factors. Experience from GWAS suggests that overall disease risk is likely to be influenced by many genes, most having a weak biologic effect. This may be due to the subtle effects of risk alleles on gene function or the modest contribution of individual gene products to the biologic pathways involved in disease pathogenesis. None of the confirmed T1DM risk variants have complete penetrance and are therefore neither necessary nor sufficient for disease to develop. This makes it difficult to use genetic profiling to predict disease risk as T1DM can develop in the absence of susceptibility variants and does not always occur in subjects with known risk markers.

Risk for ischemic events lower for patients with elevated triglycerides and atherosclerosis or diabetes

Bluetooth technology may close gap between actual adherence and self-reported adherence

Metformin was approved in Canada in 1972, but did not receive approval by the FDA for type 2 diabetes until 1994, this because its sister drug phenformin happened to kill people. Although it took us 22 years to get approval we have certainly used enough in the past 25 years to make up for it. …

Metformin proposes therapeutic benefit for HFpEF treatment.

Carbohydrate ingestion combined with short sprints before a moderate-intensity workout does not negatively affect patients with type 1 diabetes.