November 2, 2019 : Issue #1014

TOP STORIES — Diabetes News and Research

What Is the Best Time of Day to Exercise? The Answer Is…

by Sheri R. Colberg, PhD, FACSM

“Smart” Insulin Used to Prevent Hypoglycemia

Caloric Restriction Compared to Alternate-Day Fasting on Insulin Resistance

We have covered a lot of articles featuring the use of intermittent fasting. The term gets used in many ways and makes no distinction between only eating for a limited time every day or alternating days of no eating with eating. For a lot of patients, the every other day method seems to work well, as they can look forward to eating the next day.

This week one of our interns, Maya Rudolph, has found some information on why this alternate day fasting method has the distinct advantage of increasing insulin sensitivity and reducing fasting insulin levels. Check out her report as the results may astound you.

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We can make a difference!

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Dave Joffe

Editor-in-chief

By Sheri Colberg, PhD

I often get asked, “What is the best time of day to exercise?” Like most things related to physical activity—especially with diabetes as an added variable—the answer often is, “It depends.” What is your goal for being active? Are you trying to better balance your blood glucose, or is weight loss your goal? Do you take insulin? What is your normal diet? How much time do you have? Which activities? There are so many questions that likely need answering before you may be able to ascertain the best time for you personally to be active.

A new form of insulin working in response to glucose levels.

Is one more effective than the other for people who have obesity?

In a newly published study in the Journal of American College of Cardiology, researchers have demonstrated a shared etiology between resting heart rate (RHR) and the risk for type 2 diabetes. The researchers were surprised to see every 10 beats/minute increase in RHR to be responsible for a 12% increase in the risk for type 2 diabetes. There was also a causal effect in the reverse direction, with type 2 diabetes adding an additional estimated 0.32 beats/minute to RHR.  Pat Munroe from the Queen Mary University of London described the editorial as “a very first step” in understanding these complex relationships. The researchers used data from 428,250 people who were not using beta-blockers to identify 437 genetic variants that were significantly associated with RHR, 327 of which had not been previously reported. The team compared these genetic data with summary statistics from the DIAGRAM Consortium, which provided data from 74,124 people with type 2 diabetes and 824,006 without who participated in 32 genome-wide association studies. This showed a significant genetic correlation between RHR and type 2 diabetes, and between RHR and six of eight metabolic parameters studied, namely, fasting insulin, fasting glucose, waist-to-hip ratio, BMI, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Also discovered was that higher fasting glucose had a significant causal effect on higher RHR, but the reverse was not true. Sensitivity analysis by controlling for the included cardiometabolic traits did not modify the relationship between RHR and T2D.   J Am Coll Cardiol 2019; 74: 2162–2174  J Am Coll Cardiol 2019; 74: 2175–2177

Diabetes in Control gratefully acknowledges the assistance of the following pharmacy doctoral candidates in the preparation of this week’s newsletters:

Nadeen Ayad, BCPS, PharmD Candidate, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado

Hira Gohar, Florida A&M University, College of Pharmacy, PharmD Candidate

Onyi Ibeji, PharmD. Candidate, LECOM School of Pharmacy

Maya Rudolph, Florida A&M University, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, PharmD Candidate

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