Long-term Effects of Rosiglitazone on Lipid Concentrations and Body Weight

HDL-C and body weight increased and remained elevated. Although rosiglitazone, an insulin sensitizer, is known to have beneficial effects on high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations and low density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size, it has unwanted effects on total cholesterol (TC) and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations and body weight in some short-term studies. The aim of this open labeled study was to evaluate the long-term effects of rosiglitazone on serum lipid levels and body weight.

The study evaluated fasting serum glucose, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), lipid profiles and body weight at baseline and every 3 months after the use of rosiglitazone (4 mg/day) for 18 months in 202 type 2 diabetic patients.

The results showed that TC levels increased maximally at 3 months and decreased thereafter. However, overall, TC levels remained significantly higher at 18 months than those at baseline. LDL-C levels from the 3-month to the 12-month timepoint were significantly higher than those at baseline. However, after 15 months, LDL-C concentrations were not significantly different from basal LDL-C concentrations. HDL-C levels increased after the first 3 months and these levels were maintained. The increment of change in HDL-C was more prominent in patients with low basal HDL-C concentrations than in patients with high basal HDL-C concentrations. Body weight increased after the first 3 months and these levels were maintained.

From the results it was concluded that HDL-C and body weight increased and remained elevated for the duration of the study. There was an initial increase in LDL-C but this attenuated and by the end of the study was not significantly elevated above baseline levels. Overall, the TC/HDL ratio initially increased but then decreased below baseline levels with longer-term treatment with rosiglitazone.
Clin Endocrinol. 2006;65(4):453-459.

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