Dietary
Fats Do Not Promote Hyperlipidemia In Young Diabetics
Lipid abnormalities remain common in children
and adolescents with type 1 diabetes even though
they adhere to current dietary recommendations.
These
abnormalities relate to metabolic control, not
to dietary intake, according to specialists in
diabetes and child health in North Adelaide, Australia.
The
specialists determined the relative influence
of diet, metabolic control, and familial factors
on lipids in 79 children and young people with
type 1 diabetes and in 61 age-matched and sex-matched
controls.
They
assessed fasting serum cholesterol, low density
lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein
cholesterol, triglycerides, lipoprotein(a), apolipoprotein-A1
and apolipoprotein-B. They also used a quantitative
food frequency questionnaire to assess dietary
intakes.
Total
cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol,
apolipoprotein-B, high density lipoprotein cholesterol,
and apolipoprotein-A1 were all significantly higher
in children with diabetes.
These
children had significantly higher percentage energy
intake from complex carbohydrates and fibre intake
than controls. They also had markedly lower intake
of refined sugar and percentage energy from saturated
fat.
Total
cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol
and apolipoprotein -B correlated independently
with HbA(1c) but not with dietary intake.
High
density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein-A1
correlated independently with HbA(1c). High density
lipoprotein cholesterol correlated with percentage
energy intake from complex carbohydrates.
Triglycerides
correlated independently with percentage energy
intake from complex carbohydrates and insulin
dose.
Children
and adolescents with diabetes and low density
lipoprotein exceeding 3.35 mmol/L, (130 mg/dL),
for whom dietary therapy would be recommended,
had significantly higher HbA(1c) but higher intake
of complex carbohydrates than those with low density
lipoprotein cholesterol below that level.
Diabetes Care 2003;26:5:1356-1361
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