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Item #8
Spouses
of Patients With Type 2 at Increased Risk of Developing Diabetes
Diabetes
Type 2 for Two: One in
five spouses of patients with diabetes had evidence of
glucose intolerance.
The
purpose of the study was to determine whether spouses of patients with
type 2 diabetes have an increased risk of diabetes compared
with spouses of subjects with normal glucose tolerance.
A
random sample of spouses of patients with type 2 diabetes
(group 1S) attending a general practice diabetes clinic was
compared with spouses of nondiabetic subjects (as
determined by oral glucose tolerance test [OGTT]) (group
2S). Spouses in both groups underwent OGTT, fasting lipid profile,
and blood pressure (BP) measurements.
A
total of 245 subjects in group 1S and 234 subjects in group
2S underwent OGTT. Group 1S had a significantly higher incidence
of fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, or type 2
diabetes (19.1 vs. 9.4%). Group 1S also had higher fasting glucose
and triglyceride levels, higher BMI, and a trend toward higher
BP. Multivariate logistic regression analysis, adjusted for
BMI and age, showed the risk of diabetes in the spouse of a
patient with diabetes was 2.11 (95% CI 1.74–5.1), as compared
with the spouse of a subject with normal glucose tolerance. Similarly,
the risk of any degree of glucose intolerance in a spouse
of a patient with type 2 diabetes was 2.32 (1.87–3.98), as
compared with a spouse of a subject with normal glucose tolerance.
The
results show that spouses of patients with type 2 diabetes had
a significantly increased risk of developing diabetes. As the
spouses were genetically different (though ethnically similar), our
results show that shared environmental factors or exposures during
married life may contribute to the risk of developing type
2 diabetes. Our study also showed a trend toward higher blood
pressure in spouses of diabetic patients, in addition to
significantly higher levels of serum triglycerides and BMI in
these spouses. Overall, almost one in five spouses of patients with
diabetes had evidence of glucose intolerance.
The
findings of the present study have important implications for
the screening of patients for diabetes. In summary, we have shown that
spouses of patients with type 2 diabetes have a
significantly increased risk of type 2 diabetes compared
with spouses of subjects with no diabetes; therefore, these
individuals should be classified as being at high risk for
diabetes. Diabetes
Care 26:710-712, 2003
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