Item #7
Blood
Pressure Strongly Associated with Insulin Resistance in African
Americans
Insulin
resistance is strongly associated with hypertension, especially in
African Americans.
According
to recent research from the United States, "Hypertension and
diabetes mellitus are the leading contributors to end-stage renal
disease. African Americans suffer higher rates of renal failure as
well as other vascular morbidities associated with hypertension and
diabetes
"Insulin
resistance is a component of diabetes and also precedes the clinical
expression of type 2 diabetes," said Bonita Falkner at Thomas
Jefferson University in Philadelphia. "The relationship of blood
pressure with insulin resistance, or impaired insulin action, occurs
in African Americans and can be detected at young ages prior to the
clinical expression of hypertension or diabetes. Through its
relationship with hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia, insulin
resistance is associated with endothelial dysfunction. The interface
of insulin resistance with endothelial dysfunction may begin to
explain the role of insulin resistance in vascular and renal
pathology. The injury process, subsequent to both hypertension and
diabetes, appears to be mediated by alterations tissue regulatory
factors, and include vasoactive peptides such as angiotensin II,
endothelin, and growth factors."
The
researcher concluded, "Understanding the determinants that
up-regulate the aberrant pathways and the early phases of these
processes will be necessary to formulate strategies to effectively
achieve renal protection and reduce the rates of renal failure in
African Americans."
Study
published in Kidney International (Insulin resistance in African
Americans. Kidney Int, 2003;63(Suppl. 83):27-30).
================================
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