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Item #2
Young
Adults with Insulin treated Diabetes have Elevated Stroke Risk
People
with insulin-dependent (type 1) diabetes have an increased risk of
dying from a stroke, according to first-time findings from a large,
community-based study.
Cardiovascular
disease is already recognized as the main cause of long-term
complications and death in patients with diabetes. The likelihood of
death from cerebrovascular disease - related to the blood supply in
the brain and the No. 1 cause of stroke - has not been previously
reported for patients with type 1 diabetes. Previous studies have
shown that cerebrovascular death rates are raised in patients with
type 2 diabetes.
"The
results from this group of patients with type 1 diabetes show that at
all ages death from cerebrovascular disease is higher in the patients
with diabetes than in the general population," said lead author
Susan P. Laing, PhD, of the Institute of Cancer Research in Surrey,
England.
Furthermore,
she noted that the risk of stroke relative to the general population
was the greatest for the 20-39 age groups, in part reflecting the very
low death rate from cerebrovascular disease at this age. "These
observations emphasize the vital need to identify and treat known
cardiovascular risk factors in young people with diabetes," she
said.
The
study, called the Diabetes U.K. Cohort, included 23,751 patients
diagnosed with type-1 diabetes under age 30. It recorded
cerebrovascular death rates by age and gender. Researchers followed
patients for an average of 17 years. Then they compared standardized
mortality ratios - a calculation of the number of observed deaths in
the study group compared to the number of expected deaths from
cerebrovascular disease in the general population. Results were
reported in the January 17, 2003 rapid-access issue of Stroke.
There
were 1437 deaths - 80 due to cerebrovascular disease. Cerebrovascular
disease constituted 4% of all deaths under the age of 40 and 8% over
age 40. Overall, the rates were significantly higher compared with the
general population.
In
the 20-39 age group, the risk of cerebrovascular death was increased
more than five-fold in men and seven-fold in women compared to the
general population.
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FACT
-
Blood pressure
control can reduce cardiovascular disease (heart disease and
stroke) by approximately 33% to 50% and can reduce microvascular
disease (eye, kidney, and nerve disease) by approximately 33%.
In
general, for every 10 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) reduction in
systolic
blood pressure, the risk for any complication related to diabetes
is reduced by 12%.
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