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Item #14
Adiponectin
Levels Influence Type 2 Diabetes Risks
Increased
concentrations of adiponectin are associated with reduced risk of
incident type 2 diabetes in apparently healthy individuals.
"Our results accord with those of a study in Pima Indians,"
declares Dr Joachim Spranger and colleagues from the Benjamin Franklin
Medical Center, Free University Berlin, Germany. Both of these
observations, combined with emerging functional and genetic evidence,
"support the concept that adiponectin has a central role in the
development of type 2 diabetes."
Adiponectin1 is exclusively and abundantly expressed in white adipose
tissue and has been shown to have insulin sensitising and
anti-inflammatory properties, the researchers point out. Both genetic
and functional data suggest that adiponectin could be involved in the
pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.
The researchers designed a prospective, nested case-control study
within the population-based European Prospective Investigation into
Cancer and Nutrition Potsdam cohort, which includes 27,548 individuals
aged between 35 and 65. They assessed whether baseline concentrations
of adiponectin in plasma independently modify the risk of type 2
diabetes in apparently healthy individuals.
Dr Spranger and colleagues found that adiponectin concentrations in
plasma were lower among individuals who later developed type 2
diabetes mean (5.34 mg/mL) than among controls (6.87 mg/mL). High
concentrations of adiponectin were associated with a substantially
reduced relative risk of type 2 diabetes after adjustment for age,
sex, waist-to-hip ratio, body-mass index, smoking, exercise, alcohol
consumption, education, and glycosylated haemoglobin A.
The researchers said that their results "suggest that adiponectin
has a substantial role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, and
that adiponectin could be used as an indicator of risk in addition to
the established risk parameters such as obesity and physical
activity." Lancet
2003;361:226-28
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