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Item
#6
Type
1 Epidemic in Philadelphia Possibly Triggered by Measles
An
epidemic of type 1 diabetes in Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania, in 1993 may
have been triggered by a measles
epidemic.
Researchers
at the University of Pennsylvania
and the Children's Hospital of
Philadelphia identified a total
of 209 cases from 1990 to 1994,
with an overall age-adjusted rate in Philadelphia of 13.3 cases
of type 1 diabetes per 100,000 children per
year. The overall incidence of type 1
in Philadelphia is about the same as
that in other diabetes registries in the United States, the
researchers note.
A
jump in the incidence of type 1 (32
cases) occurred between January
and June 1993, approximately two years after a measles epidemic
in 1991. The study contends
that the cases of type 1 may have
developed when the measles virus
triggered an autoimmune attack
on the insulin-producing beta cells
of ill children.
The
highest rate of type I by race was
in the Hispanic population-in Philadelphia,
primarily Puerto Ricans-with an
incidence rate of 15.5 per 100,000 children. There also
was a marked increase in type 1 diabetes
among African-American children, which the researchers speculate
might have partly resulted from misclassification
of cases that actually
involve type 2. Diabetes
Care, November 2002
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