Link
Between Gestational Diabetes and Hypertension
Hypertension
was greater in women with increased body mass index.
A
group of researchers led by Dr Vambergue from the CHRU in Lille,
France, studied the relationship between gestational glucose
intolerance and pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). Women were
screened between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation with a 50g, 1h oral
glucose-loading test. If the test was positive (glucose value
>7.2mmol/L), a 100g, 3h oral glucose tolerance test was
performed. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was identified in
218 women, gestational mild hyperglycemia (GMH) in 130, and normal
glucose values in 108 women.
The
researchers showed that frequency of PIH in women with GDM was
17%, in those with GMH 10.8% and in controls 4.6% (p<0.01). All
of the 6 cases of preeclampsia occurred in women with GDM. The
rate of hypertension was significantly greater in women with a
history of preeclampsia, increasing body mass index (BMI), and
glucose intolerance. In multivariate analysis, a history of
preeclampsia, BMI>27, and GDM, but not maternal age or GMH,
were independent risk factors for PIH. The researchers suggest
that PIH may be linked to the level of glucose intolerance during
pregnancy, independent of other risk factors of hypertension.
European
Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
2002;102:31-5
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