A 56-year-old woman who has Type 2 diabetes asks her physician to refer her for bariatric surgery. She has had diabetes for 16 years and has been treated with metformin and insulin. She also takes atorvastatin. Her total cholesterol is 170 mg/dL (4.4 mmol/L), LDL cholesterol is 110 mg/dL (2.84 mmol/L), and hemoglobin A1c value is 6.1%. She has gained 1 to 2 kg (2.2 to 4.4 lb) each year since she started taking insulin. Her current body mass index is 36. She says she has been overweight since she was an adolescent and is now “desperate to lose weight.”