Surgery

  Gastric bypass surgery shows better outcomes for long-term weight loss, controlling type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cholesterol level…. Puzziferri and colleagues conducted a clinical review of 29 studies (7,971 patients) looking at outcomes of gastric bypass, gastric band or sleeve gastrectomy on patients with BMI ≥35 at 1 year …

Black Americans on Medicare are three times more likely than other patients to lose a leg to amputation because of complications with diabetes and peripheral arterial disease…. Even low-risk black patients with diabetes and peripheral arterial disease faced a higher risk of amputation than most nonblack patients, according to a …

Insulin-dependent diabetes patients were at an increased risk of post-surgery complications following lumbar fusion including death, sepsis, wound infection and 30-day readmission…. Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) have an increased risk of a number of postoperative complications after lumbar fusion compared with those who have noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) …

Survival rates similar for those with looser glucose limits…. Some previous research has suggested that high blood sugar after bypass and other types of heart surgery was associated with increased risk of health problems and death, but more recent research has found that might not be the case. This new …

Higher levels of hypothalamic nitric oxide could lead to less insulin clearance and more lipogenesis…. Nitric oxide (NO) is an important neurotransmitter produced in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus. Previous studies suggested that the level of NO was inversely correlated with systemic insulin clearance. However, little is known …

Nitric oxide helped modulate hepatic lipid metabolism in addition to decreasing insulin clearance in a study….

DMR procedure could improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients….

But results from the longitudinal study also confirmed that improvements in insulin sensitivity were unaltered by weight regain following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass…. 

Sleeve gastrectomy is now a treatment option for patients with obesity to help reduce weight and manage diabetes….

Rudy Bilous, MD, FRCP Richard Donnelly, MD, PHD, FRCP, FRACP   Lifestyle modification The starting points and mainstays of treatment for type 2 diabetes are diet and other modifications of lifestyle, such as increasing exercise and stopping smoking (Figure 11.1). The major aims are to reduce the weight of obese patients and …